Rambutan is a high-quality fruit that is also quite attractive with its hair-like spikes on the outer skin. The word rambutan literally means ‘hairy’ in Malay. Many different varieties of Rambutan exist, among which N18 is the most popular cultivar.
Depending on the variety, they vary in colour, size, sweetness, firmness of the pulp, whether the flesh is easily separated from the seed, shelf life, etc.
- Origin: Southeast Asia (Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Philippines)
- Common names: Rambutan
- Scientific name: Nephelium lappaceum
- Botanical family: Sapindaceae
- Edibility rating: 10/10
- Health Benefits: 8/10
- Maturity period: 2-3 years
- Fruiting season: June to August (In India: June to September)
- Growing in containers: Not common
- Sunlight requirement: Full sun
- Growth habit type: Tree
- Average Height: 30-60 feet (9-18 meters)
- Average width (canopy span) : 32 Feet
- Growth rate: Fast
- Ease of growing: Easy
Rambutan N18 Advantages
N18 is the most popular cultivated Rambutan variety in India for the following reasons:
- The seed and flesh easily separate. Also, the flesh is firmer compared to other varieties.
- Fruits are large, weighing about 50 g on average. Also, the seed is small.
- N18 Rambutan has a good shelf life. Ripe Ramutans may be kept on the tree for as long as 15 days. Once picked, it can further last 4-5 days without significant loss of quality.
- Its bright red colour is very attractive.
Growing Rambutan
Rambutan can grow 15 metres or more if left unchecked. However, good practises require the tree to be pruned to an umbrella shape not taller than 20 feet in height. The side branches are encouraged to get as wide a canopy as possible, as the fruiting happens at the tips of the peripheral branches.
Rambutan needs regular watering, especially during the fruit-setting period.
The recommended planting distance is 35 to 40 feet. However, when space is a constraint, pruning may be done.
If space is limited, it can be grown in containers of 100 litres or more. The larger the container, the better. Choose an air pot instead of a drum for best results. It should be noted, however, that rambutan grows into a large tree and therefore only suboptimal results can be expected if it's grown in a container.
Rambutan is generally not much affected by pests. However, during the initial years, leaf-eating worms could cause problems. This is easily solved by spraying Ekalux or other suitable organic or synthetic insecticides.
The problem usually subsides by the time the plant reaches maturity and is not often found on larger trees.
Pruning Rambutan
Pruning should be done after every harvest. Pruning should be done in such a way that the canopy gets wider. Ensure air circulation at the centre of the plant by removing inward-growing branches that trap little sunlight.
Pruning is also done to contain the tree in a limited area, where space is a constraint.
Rambutan taste and fruit description
The fruit is sweet and juicy, with white, translucent flesh surrounding a single seed. The fruit may weigh from 25 to 80 grams, depending on the variety.